Gadolinium

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Gadolinium

Gadolinium is a chemical element with the symbol Gd and atomic number 64. Gadolinium is a silvery-white metal when oxidation is removed. It is only slightly malleable and is a ductile rare-earth element.   Gadolinium reacts with atmospheric oxygen or moisture slowly to form a black coating. Gadolinium below its Curie point of 20 °C (68 °F) is ferromagnetic, with an attraction to a magnetic field higher than that of nickel. Above this temperature it is the most paramagnetic element.   It is found in nature only in an oxidized form. When separated, it usually has impurities of the other rare-earths because of their similar chemical properties.Gadolinium possesses unusual metallurgical properties, to the extent that as little as 1% of gadolinium can significantly improve the workability and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures of iron, chromium, and related metals. Gadolinium as a metal or a salt absorbs neutrons and is, therefore, used sometimes for shielding in neutron radiography and in nuclear reactors.ATT provides Gadolinium and compounds at a competitive price, including Gadolinium Acetate, Gadolinium Carbonate, Gadolinium Chloride, Gadolinium Fluoride, Gadolinium Hydroxide, Gadolinium Metal, Gadolinium Nitrate, Gadolinium Oxalate, Gadolinium Oxide, Gadolinium Sulfate.

Gadolinium is utilized for both its high magnetic moment (7.94µB) and as a phosphor and scintillator material.  When complexed with EDTA ligands, it is used as an injectable contrast agent for patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.  With its high magnetic moment, gadolinium can reduce relaxation times and thereby enhance signal intensity.  The extra stable half-full 4f electron shell with no low lying energy levels creates applications as an inert phosphor host.  Gadolinium can therefore act as hosts for x-ray cassettes and in scintillator materials for computer tomography.  Gadolinium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity);  metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder.

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